Q: I'm interested in an aquarium, but have no idea if I want a freshwater or saltwater aquarium?Which one should I start with?

A: The differences between freshwater and saltwater aquariums are many, being that there are many differences in maintenance and equipment needed for initial set-up between freshwater and saltwater aquariums. Most new aquarists start with freshwater aquariums for the simple fact that start up is usually less complicated and less costly. The equipment needed, required filtration, and livestock are much more cost friendly, compared to its salty counterparts. Larger risks with purchasing more expensive equipment and livestock for saltwater aquariums, is also a factor in selection.

Additionally it can be said that the maintenance required for freshwater aquariums is more simplistic in nature, than caring for a saltwater aquarium. All aquariums share some similarities in regards to required maintenance, but saltwater aquariums have many more water parameters that need to be checked and calibrated for proper aquarium function. With proper education and care, a beginning aquarist can achieve good results with either a freshwater or saltwater aquarium. 

Q: I have an new aquarium. How many fish can I put in it?

A: For freshwater fish, except for goldfish, the general rule is you can have 1 inch of fish per gallon of water. For goldfish and saltwater fish, this rule is 1 inch of fish per 2 gallons of water. This is taking into account the number of inches from a full size fish, not necessarily the size of the fish at the time of purchase. Most purchased fish are a fraction of their adult size. 

Q: I set-up my aquarium, but how often should maintenance be done?

A: Freshwater aquariums generally need a 25% water change with vacuuming once a month. Saltwater aquariums ideally should receive a 10% water change weekly to maintain the appropriate mineral and salinity levels.